Oltin bitiglar – Golden Scripts

Alisher Navoiy g‘azallarida tinish belgilarning qo‘llanilishi

2025-08-01T09:57:25+05:00

Alisher Navoiyning 1988 – 2003-yillar ichida chop etilgan “Mukammal
asarlar to‘plami”dan o‘rin olgan “Xazoyin ul-maoniy” (3-6-jildlar)
misolida tinish belgilarning qo‘llanilishi maxsus o‘rganishni taqozo
etadi. G‘azallardagi tinish belgilarning yanglish ishlatililishi natijasida ularni
o‘qish va tushunish qiyinlashadi. Natijada o‘zbek kitobxonlari Navoiy
asarlari mazmunini to‘g‘ri anglay olmaydi. Maqolada g‘azaldagi jumla tuzilishida
tinish belgilarning qo‘yilishi va ularning mazmunga ta’siri tahlil
qilingan. Navoiy devonlarini tekshirish natijalari nashrlarda bir qancha
xatolar borligini ko‘rsatadi. Qo‘lyozma nusxalar bayozga ko‘cirilayotganda
tinish belgilar baytlarning sintaktik tarkibi va mazmunidan kelib chiqib
emas, balki umumiy qoida sifatida baytning birinchi misrasi oxiriga vergul,
ikkinchi misrasi oxiriga nuqta qo‘yish tartibida bajarib ketilgan. Qo‘shma
gaplar tarkibidagi sodda gaplar ko‘p o‘rinlarda vergul bilan ajratilmagan

On the way to Creating the Uzbek National Transcription

2024-08-01T15:26:56+05:00

In the past, the issue of Uzbek national transcription was not set
at the state level, but transcription was the choice of each researcher. The
emergence of the transcription used in the recording of Uzbek dialects
on the initiative of V.V.Reshetov reduced the problems in this field, but it
became clear that this transcription would not work in the new conditions. Thirty years have passed since the introduction of the Latin script
in the Republic of Uzbekistan. During this period, most of our publications
and press works are published in writing based on the Latin alphabet. Young
people studying in modern higher education institutions have completely
switched to Latin script. Now the time has come to create the transcription
system, known as scientific writing, on the basis of Latin writing, and its
examples have appeared. This article describes the creation of the Uzbek
national transcription system, and it was developed based on the version
of the International Phonetic Alphabet that is successfully used in Turkology,
and the proposed system has been experimented in higher education
since 2016.

Construction and Order of the Society in Nevâyî Thought

2024-08-01T15:16:50+05:00

Alisher Navoi was a great poet, thinker, sufi, artist, well-rounded
individual, statesman, and philanthropist who left a mark in the history
of literature and poetry. Navoi was an exceptional person with thoughts,
philosophy, and ideals for the organization and development of society.
He implemented his ideas into reality, fought against those who caused
harm, always stood for the truth, and defended the oppressed. He not
only spoke with words but actively participated in building and organizing
society through his actions and deeds. As a devoted individual, he supported
scholars, artists, and contributed to the development of society,
fostering the growth of many educated individuals. His faith, beliefs,
integrity, knowledge, spirituality, genuine service, and administrative
skills not only influenced his time, state, and society but also inspired
the future, other countries, and societies.

"Muhokamat ul-lughatayn" in the interpretation of Iranian Navoi studies

2024-08-01T15:02:00+05:00

This article compares Alisher Navoi’s work «Muhokamat ullughatayn
» and its Persian translation. As a result of the research,
Turkhan Ganjavi’s achievements and inconsistencies in some places
during the translation process were analyzed, relying on reliable sources.
In particular, the existence of some abbreviated places in Ganjavi’s
translation, the fact that M. Siddiq translated these abbreviations into
Persian from the copy he used, is proved by giving examples and analysis.
Also, the existence of some differences between Turkic and Persian
poems, but the reasons why they did not make changes to their text, were
clarified. One of the aspects of the translation of the work “Muhokamat ullughatayn”
that differs from the original is that it was named by M. Siddiq
based on the meaning of parts of the work. Among Iranian Navoi studies,
there is scientific evidence of the observation of two different approaches
to the work “Muhokamat ul-lughatayn”.

Insights Into the History Of ‘Ali Shīr Navā’ī’s Lyrics of the 1480s (Based on the manuscripts Divāni jadid or Nawādir al-nihāya)

2024-08-01T14:53:32+05:00

As ‘Ali Shīr Navā’ī wrote, he is the author of the preface (dibacha)
to three of his works – Badāyi‘ al-bidāya, Nawadir al-nihaya and Khazayin
al-ma’ani. However, the preface to Nawadir al-nihaya is still not known to
Navā’ī studies, and this issue is the focus of attention of those who study
the history of the poet’s lyrics. There is also the problem of repeating a
number of poems from the first divan of the poet Badāyi ‘al-bidāya in the
lists of this divan. In recent years, based on the above two cases, opinions
have arisen that the manuscripts called Nawadir al-nihaya may in fact be
selected diwans containing the texts of a poem by an author of certain
years. This article attempts to find a solution to these issues using the
example of two rare manuscripts (The Abu Rayhan Biruni Institute of
Oriental Studies, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences,”: No. 11675, 1995).
The author of the study expresses an opinion about the abundance of
ghazals in the fields of the list of Nawadir al-nihaya by ‘Abd al-Jamil kаtib,
which is not in other manuscripts. The article presents for the first time
the ghazals of ‘Ali Shīr Navā’ī, which were possibly written in 1487–1490,
especially during the reign of Astrobad.Mazkur maqolada ikki nodir qo‘lyozma (O‘zR FASHI: 11675, 1995) misolida mazkur masalalarga yechim topishga harakat qilingan. Tadqiqot muallifi «Navodir un-nihoya»ning Abduljamil kotib nusxasi hoshiyalari matnida g‘azallar kitobatining boshqa qo‘lyozma devonlarda kuzatilmaydigan darajada ko‘pligi haqida o‘zining qarashlarini bayon etgan. Maqolada Alisher Navoiyning 1487–1490-yillarda, xususan, Astrobodda hokimlik chog‘i yozgan bo‘lishi mumkinligi taxmin etilgan g‘azallarni jadval asosida ilk bor taqdim etilmoqda.

Socio-political vocabulary in the epitaph of Kul-tigin

2024-08-01T15:29:08+05:00

In this article, the semantics of socio-political lexical units
campaigns are analyzed. These words had arisen as a result of social
system, labor processes of society members, their mutual relations, active
involvement in society affairs, international relations, military.
Social and political terms of Kultigin inscription are compared
with the political terms used in such sources as Turfon texts, memoirs
“Oltun yaruq”, “Irq bitigi”, also in the sources of old Turkish language such
as “Qutadgu bilig”, “Devonu lughotit turk”, “Khibatul khakayik», “Qisasi
Rabghuziy”, as well as, with the political terms used in the old Uzbek
literary language through samples of the Alisher Navoi’s works, and the
texts of “Boburnoma”, “Shajarayi Turk”.
As a result of this study, the process of the language development
is described through change and transfer of these terms to the modern
literary language; change of the status of the lexemes from high frequent
one to archaic one being replaced with the borrowed lexeme, and the role
of different factors in this change.

Linguistic Characteristics of the Naziraz Ghazals and Tahmis Written by Afghanistan Poet Alim Labib to Nevai Poems

2024-08-01T15:20:54+05:00

Uzbeks are one of the most populous Turkic peoples. Uzbeks today
live not only in Uzbekistan but also in many other countries. Afghanistan is
one of these countries. In the 15th century, Ali Shir Navoi lived in the Herat
region of Afghanistan and his poems written in Turkic are still read and
understood in this region, and even nazir ghazals are written to his ghazals.
In addition, tahmis are also made by adding verses to his ghazals.
In this article, we will identify the ghazals and tahmis written by Afghan Uzbek poet Âlim Labib to Ali Shir Navaî’s poems and compare
them with Navaî’s poems in terms of language and style. In addition,
based on Âlim Labib’s poems, we will point out some differences of
Afghan Uzbek from Ali Shir Navoi’s language and standard Uzbekistan
Uzbek.

Opinions on Ali Şir Nevâyî’s 4 Ghazes with Hıred Redif and the Concept of Hıred

2024-08-01T15:14:19+05:00

As a “mind engineer,” Ali-Shir Nawā’ī frequently incorporates concepts
such as ‘aḳl and hıred “mind, intellect”, zeyrek “intelligent”, fikr “idea”
and their derivatives into his prose and poetic works, providing a wide
range of usage for understanding, interpreting, and other mental words.
The primary aim behind this frequent usage of intellect-perception words
is an endeavor to create an informed society, well-versed in its history
under fair governance within the framework of Islamic principles, and
to construct its future accordingly. He seeks to achieve this goal by mastering
Islamic sciences, as well as ancient Greek and Islamic philosophy,
Sufi philosophy, political science, and many other disciplines, and reaching
out to a wide spectrum of society both directly and through his poetry
and works, as necessitated by his duty. Individually, he always operates
with the thought of constantly transcending himself. His emphasis on intellect
can be observed in his use of the hıred rhyme in four gazels found in
Navādir al-Shabāb, Badāyi’ al-Wasat, and Fawāyid al-Kibar, He particularly
evaluates the relationship between love and intellect in Sufism. In this article,
an attempt is made to evaluate, comparatively with the word intellect,
the entry, usage, and meaning of the Persian word hıred and its derivatives
in Ali-Shir Nawā’ī ‘s works such as Gharā’ib al-Sighar, Badāyi’ al-Wasat,
Fawāyid al-Kibar, Hayrat al-abrār, Munshaāt, Mahbub al-Qulūb, Majālis
al-Nafā’is, Fusūl-i arba’a, Nazm al-Javāhir, Tārīkh-i Anbiyā wa Hukamā,
and Waqfiya. Moreover, an effort has been made to provide all instances
where the word hıred appears in the mentioned works in order to serve as
a source for further research in the article.

Studying the manuscripts of “Gulshani Javid”

2024-08-01T14:57:50+05:00

Husaynquli Muhsini Mili is a poet who lived in Kokan during
the renaissance. From Muhsini, we have received a significant lyrical
legacy. These are four manuscript copies of the poet’s divan «Gulshani
Javid», copied in different еars. Two of these manuscripts are kept in the
manuscript funds and museums of Tashkent and Kokan cities. Today,
the descendants of the poet living in Kok have two manuscripts.
When we compared the most perfect, complete and well-preserved
Tashkent copy with the edition, it became clear that there
were about a hundred new poetic works. The newly discovered lyrical
poems belong to the genres of ghazal, muzam, mukhammas, musaddas,
murabba’, masnavi, qasida, tarikh, noma and rubai.
This article presents some examples of Muhsini’s new poetic
works found as a result of a comparative study of manuscripts and
publications. These poems are written in a deep and melodious style,
which proves the high talent and skill of the poet. In particular, the poet’s
poems express romantic and religious-mystical themes in a unique
way. These lyrical works are valuable even though they have not been
published so far.